Continuous shedding was on average 10–26 days longer, while intermittent non-shedding was 2–4 days shorter, in pigs challenged with the high compared to low dose. The time spent in the specific states was also estimated. Results indicated statistically significant effects of the challenge dose and serotype on the dynamics of shedding and immune response. The effects of two doses and four serotypes ( Salmonella Yoruba, Salmonella Cubana, Salmonella Typhimurium, and Salmonella Derby) on the models' transition intensities were evaluated using a proportional intensities model. The immune response model had two transient states representing responses below and above the seroconversion level. ![]() The model for shedding had four transient states, of which two were shedding (continuous and intermittent shedding) and two non-shedding (latency and intermittent non-shedding), and one absorbing state representing permanent cessation of shedding. Continuous-time multistate Markov models were developed using published experimental data. ![]() In this study, we investigated the transitions of pigs through the states of Salmonella fecal shedding and immune response post- Salmonella inoculation as affected by the challenge dose and serotype. Despite the public health importance of Salmonella infection in pigs, little is known about the associated dynamics of fecal shedding and immunity.
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